PPS

PPS (Pay Per Share) is a payment model where the mining pool calculates the theoretical mining reward for each share submitted by a miner's machine based on the current mining difficulty. These rewards are accumulated in the miner's account and distributed on schedule.

Characteristics of the PPS model: Mining earnings are solely determined by objective factors such as the mining difficulty at the time, the miner's hash rate, and network conditions. This model does not fluctuate based on the mining pool’s actual earnings or luck factor, ensuring stable long-term mining revenue for miners.

PPLNS

PPLNS (Pay Per Last N Shares) is a payment model where the mining pool does not immediately calculate rewards for each share submitted. Instead, after receiving N shares, the pool calculates the total amount of coins mined during that period and distributes them proportionally based on the number of shares submitted by each miner within those N shares.

Characteristics of the PPLNS model: Mining earnings are distributed with a delay since rewards are only calculated after N shares are submitted. Because PPLNS distributes rewards based on the actual mined coins, it is affected by the mining pool’s luck factor. As a result, miners' earnings may be higher or lower than the theoretical value, making this model more volatile.

FPPS

FPPS (Full Pay Per Share) is an enhanced PPS model that includes miner fees (i.e., transaction fees contained in the block) in addition to the base mining rewards.

Under the FPPS model, the mining pool calculates the miner fee rewards based on the ratio of transaction fees to coinbase rewards in the BTC network over the past 24 hours. In this model, miners receive additional miner fee earnings on top of the standard PPS rewards.

PPS+

PPS+ is a variant of the PPS model that integrates elements of the PPLNS model.

PPS+ (Pay Per Share+) combines the PPS and PPLNS payout mechanisms. It distributes the base mining rewards according to the PPS model while allocating the transaction fees from mined blocks using the PPLNS model. Under this model, mining revenue is affected by the mining pool’s luck factor, making earnings more volatile than FPPS.